Present Perfect Continuous Tense
 
 
 
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

Present Perfect Continuous Tense in English Grammar

What is Present Perfect Continuous Tense?

"Present perfect continuous tense shows the action that started in the past and has continued until the current instant."

Present perfect continuous tense is used to talk about an action that began in the past and stopped recently. There is usually a result now. We also use the present perfect continuous tense to talk about an action that began in the past and is continuing now. This is often used with for or since.

Basic Structure of Present Perfect Continuous Tense:

Structure for Present Perfect Continuous

Subject Auxiliary verb Auxiliary verb Main verb
subject has / have been base + ing
I have been going to college.

• Structure for Negative sentence •

Subject Auxiliary verb Auxiliary verb Main verb
subject has/have not + been base + ing
I have not been going to college.

• Structure for interrogative sentence •

Auxiliary verb Subject Auxiliary verb Main verb
has / have subject been base + ing
Have you been going to college?

We normally use the present perfect continuous tense for:

An action that has just stopped or recently stopped.
An action continuing up to now.

USES OF PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE
For an action which began in the past and is still continuing:

The Present Perfect Continuous is used for an action which began at some time in the past and is still continuing:

Examples:
  • • They have been playing since four o’clock.
  • • They have been building the bridge for several months.
  • • He has been sleeping for five hours (and is still sleeping).
  • • She has been waiting for you all day (and she's still waiting now).
For an action already finished:

This tense is sometimes used for an action already finished. In such cases the continuity of the activity is emphasized as an explanation of something:

Example:
  • • I am tired because I have been playing.
  • • I have been cooking all afternoon, and dinner is finally ready.
  • • Why are your clothes so wet’?, - I have been watering the garden.
Usage of present perfect continuous tense with 'for' and 'since'

We can also use 'for' and 'since' with the present perfect continuous tense.

(a) For

We use 'for' to talk about a period of time - 15 minutes, 3 weeks, 5 years.

Examples:
  • • I have been studying for 2 hours.
  • • He has been playing cricket for a long time.
  • • Jenifer hasn't been feeling well for 3 weeks.
(b) Since

We use 'since' to talk about a point in past time-7 o'clock, 1st June, Wednesday.

Examples:
  • • I have been watching TV since 8pm.
  • • Alex hasn't been visiting us since August.
  • • He has been living in London since he left school.
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE TABLE
Present Perfect Continuous Tense Table
AFFIRMATIVE
  • I have been going.
  • You have been going.
  • We have been going.
  • He/She has been going.
  • They have been going.
NEGATIVE
  • I have not been going.
  • You have not been going.
  • We have not been going.
  • He/She has not been going.
  • They have not been going.
INTERROGATIVE
  • Have I been going?
  • Have you been going?
  • Have we been going?
  • Has he/she been going?
  • Have they been going?

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